General Hospital Psychiatry
Volume 23, Issue 4 , Pages 205-214 , July 2001

Changes in patterns of psychiatric referral in a German general hospital: results of a comparison of two 1-year surveys 8 years apart

  • Hans-Bernd Rothenhäusler, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +49897095–2718; fax: +49897095–2715
    • ,
  • Sigrid Ehrentraut, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
    • ,
  • Hans-Peter Kapfhammer, M.D., Ph.D.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany

References 

  1. Lipowski ZJ. Review of consultation psychiatry, and psychosomatic medicine. II. Clinical aspects. Psychosom Med. 1967;29:201–224
  2. Lipowski ZJ. Consultation-liaison psychiatry 1990. Psychother Psychosom. 1991;55:62–68
  3. Lipsitt DR. General hospital psychiatry in the 21st century (Will old acquaintance be forgot?). Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1999;21:1–2
  4. European Consultation-Liaison-Workgroup Mayou R, Huyse F. Consultation-liaison psychiatry in Western Europe. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1991;13:188–208
  5. Morriss R, Mayou R. International overview of consultation-liaison psychiatry. In:  Guthrie E,  Creed F editor. Liaison Psychiatry. Glasgow: Gaskell; 1996;p. 1–20
  6. Huyse FJ, Herzog T, Lobo A, Malt UF, Opmeer BC, Stein B, et al. European consultation-liaison psychiatric services (the ECLW collaborative study). Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2000;101:360–366
  7. Kapfhammer HP. Konsiliar- und Liaisonpsychiatrie. In:  Möller HJ,  Laux G,  Kapfhammer HP editor. Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York: Springer; 2000;p. 1726–1746
  8. Arolt V, Driessen M, Bangert-Verleger A, Neubauer H, Schürmann A, Seibert W. Psychische Störungen bei internistischen und chirurgischen Krankenhauspatienten. Prävalenz und Behandlungsbedarf. Nervenarzt. 1995;66:670–677
  9. Silverstone PH. Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in medical inpatients. J Nerv Ment Dis. 1996;184:43–51
  10. Cassem E. Depressive disorders in the medically ill. Psychosomatics. 1995;36:2–10
  11. Katon W, Sullivan MP. Depression and chronic medical illness. J Clin Psychiatry. 1990;51(suppl. 6):3–11
  12. Mayou R, Hawton K, Feldman J. What happens to medical patients with psychiatric disorders. J Psychosom Res. 1988;32:541–549
  13. Spiegel D. Cancer and depression. Br J Psychiatry. 1996;30(suppl.):109–116
  14. Kapfhammer HP, Rothenhäusler HB, Schelling G, Stoll C. Posttraumatische Belastungsstörung bei Patienten nach akutem Lungenversagen (ARDS). Verhaltenstherapie. 1999;9(Suppl 1):35
  15. Rothenhäusler HB, Kapfhammer HP, Ehrentraut S, Lang C, Bilzer M, Zachoval R, et al. Health-related quality of life, cognitive function and affective status in patients after liver transplantation (Preliminary results of a follow-up study). J Psychosom Res. 2000;48:262–263
  16. Rothenhäusler HB, Ehrentraut S, Stoll C, Schelling G, Kapfhammer HP. The relationship between cognitive performance, and employment, and health status in long-term survivors of the acute respiratory distress syndrome (results of an exploratory study). Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2001;23:90–96
  17. Bender W, Greil W, Meyer G. Psychiatrischer Konsiliardienst an einem medizinischen Grossklinikum (Evaluation dreier Jahrgänge). Psychiatr Clin (Basel). 1983;16:324–339
  18. Fiebiger D, Ficker F, Winiecki P, Stein B, Herzog T. Der psychiatrische Konsiliardienst der Klinik für Psychiatrie an der Städtisches Klinikum Görlitz GmbH. Psychiat Prax. 1997;24:129–133
  19. Brown TM, Waterhouse J. A psychiatric liaison service in a general hospital—eighteen years on. Health Bulletin. 1987;45:190–196
  20. Lipowski ZJ, Wolston EJ. Liaison psychiatry (referral patterns, and their stability over time). Am J Psychiatry. 1981;138:1608–1611
  21. American Psychiatric Association . Diagnostic, and Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders, Third Revised Edn. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press; 1987;
  22. Mayou R. What should British consultation-liaison psychiatry be doing?. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1991;13:261–266
  23. American Psychiatric Association . Diagnostic, and Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edn. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press; 1994;
  24. Rothenhäusler HB, Kapfhammer HP. Der Verlauf von Borderline-Störungen. Eine Literaturübersicht Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr. 1999;67:200–217
  25. Hengeveld MW, Rooymans HGM, Vecht-van den Bergh R. Psychiatric consultations in a Dutch university hospital (a report on 1814 referrals, compared with a literature review). Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1984;6:271–279
  26. Creed F, Guthrie E, Black D, Tranmer M. Psychiatric referrals within the general hospital (comparison with referrals to general practitioners). Br J Psychiatry. 1993;162:204–211
  27. Bernstein RA, Dreyfuss D. Medical, and surgical consultations to a general hospital psychiatric unit. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1980;2:267–270
  28. Loewenstein RJ, Sharfstein SS. Psychiatric consultations at the NIH. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1983;5:83–87
  29. Craig TJ. An epidemiological study of a psychiatric liaison service. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1982;4:131–137
  30. Hales RE, Polly S, Bridenbaugh H, Orman D. Psychiatric consultations in a military general hospital. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1986;8:173–182
  31. Malhotra S, Malhotra A. Liaison psychiatry in an Indian general hospital. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1984;6:266–270
  32. McKegney FP, McMahon T, King J. The use of DSM-III in a general hospital consultation-liaison service. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1983;5:115–121
  33. Perez EL, Silverman M. Utilization pattern of a Canadian psychiatric consultation service. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1983;5:185–190
  34. Ries RK, Bokan JA, Kleinman A, Schuckit MA. Psychiatric consultation-liaison service (patients, requests, and functions). Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1980;3:204–212
  35. Schofield A, Doonan H, Daly RJ. Liaison psychiatry in an Irish hospital (a survey of a year‘s experience). Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1986;8:119–122
  36. Sobel SN, Munnitz H, Karp l. Psychiatric consultations in two Israeli general hospitals. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1988;10:298–304
  37. Thomas CJ. Referrals to a British liaison psychiatry service. Health Trends. 1983;15:61–64
  38. Zuo C, Yang L, Chu CC. Patterns of psychiatric consultation in a Chinese general hospital. Am J Psychiatry. 1985;42:1092–1094
  39. Cohen-Cole SA, Pincus HA, Stoudemire A, Fiester S, Houpt JL. Recent research developments in consultation-liaison psychiatry. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1986;8:316–329
  40. Dimsdale JE. Challenges, problems, and opportunities in consultation-liaison psychiatry research. Psychiatr Med. 1991;9:641–648
  41. Lipowski ZJ. Consultation-liaison psychiatry: an overview. Am J Psychiatry. 1974;131:623–630
  42. Lipowski ZJ. Consultation-liaison psychiatry (the first half century). Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1986;8:305–315
  43. Özkan S, Yücel B, Turgay M, Gürel Y. The development of psychiatric medicine at Istanbul faculty of medicine, and evaluation of 889 psychiatric referrals. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1995;17:216–223
  44. Wallen J, Pincus HA, Goldman HH, Marcus SE. Psychiatric consultations in short-term general hospitals. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1987;44:163–168
  45. Drossman DA, Leserman J, Nachman G, Li ZM, Gluck H, Toomey TC, et al. Sexual and physical abuse in women with functional or organic gastrointestinal disorders. Ann Intern Med. 1990;113:828–833
  46. Kapfhammer HP, Dobmeier P, Mayer C, Rothenhausler HB. Konversionssyndrome in der Neurologie—eine psychopathologische und psychodynamische Differenzierung in Konversionsstörung, Somatisierungsstörung und artifizielle Störung. Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol. 1998;48:463–474
  47. Lipowski ZJ. History of consultation-liaison psychiatry. In: Rundell JR, Wise MG, editors. Textbook of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press, 1996. p. 2–11.
  48. Katon W. Panic disorder, and somatization (review of 55 cases). Am J Med. 1984;77:101–106
  49. Sharpe M, Peveler R. Deliberate self-harm, substance misuse, and eating disorders. In:  Guthrie E,  Creed F editor. Seminars in Liaison Psychiatry. Glasgow: Gaskell, The Royal College of Psychiatrists; 1996;p. 75–102
  50. World Health Organization . Mental Disorders (glossary and guide to their classification in accordance with the ninth revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-9)). Geneva: WHO; 1978;
  51. American Psychiatric Association . Diagnostic, and Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders, Second Edn. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press; 1968;
  52. World Health Organization . International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Edn. Geneva: WHO; 1992;
  53. American Psychiatric Association . Diagnostic, and Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders, Third Edn. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press; 1980;
  54. Feighner JP, Robins E, Guze SB, Woodruff RA, Winokur G, Munoz R. Diagnostic criteria for use in psychiatric research. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1972;26:57–63
  55. De Leon J, Saiz-Ruiz J, Chincilla A, Morales P. Why do some psychiatric patients somatize?. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1987;76:203–209
  56. Rothenhäusler HB, Kapfhammer HP. Psychiatrische Notfälle—Konsiliartätigkeit am Allgemeinkrankenhaus. Psycho. 1999;25:550–565
  57. Trzepacz PT, Teague GB, Lipowski ZJ. Delirium and other organic mental disorders in a general hospital. Gen Hospital Psychiatry. 1985;7:101–106
  58. Trzepacz PT. Delirium—Advances in diagnosis, pathophysiology, and treatment. Psychiat Clin N Amer. 1996;19:429–448
  59. Katon W. The epidemiology of depression in medical care. Int J Psychiatry Med. 1987;17:93–112
  60. Anderson IM, Tomenson BM. The efficacy of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in depression (a meta-analysis of studies against tricyclic antidepressants). J Psychopharmacol. 1994;8:238–249
  61. Rothenhäusler HB, Ehrentraut S, von Degenfeld G, Weis M, Tichy M, Kilger E, et al. Treatment of depression with methylphenidate in difficult to wean patients in the intensive care unit. J Clin Psychiatry. 2000;61:750–755

PII: S0163-8343(01)00146-3

General Hospital Psychiatry
Volume 23, Issue 4 , Pages 205-214 , July 2001

Article Tools